The development of potato growing is one of the priority tasks of agriculture in Ukraine. The average yield of the second bread in domestic fields is 17 t / ha, against 48 t / ha in the EU. The problem can be solved by hybrids of Ukrainian selection, which yield 40-50 t / ha, while there are such specimens as Knyaginya with a yield of 100 t / ha.

This was reported by the press service of the NAAS.

Potato growing is one of the priority branches of agricultural production in Ukraine. In terms of gross potato production, our state is one of the three leading map-growing countries in the world. In 2019, world potato production amounted to more than 371.3 million tons, of which 23 million tons in Ukraine. But, the average yield of potatoes in the Ukrainian fields is 17 t / ha, in Europe - 48 t / ha.

That is why domestic breeders are constantly trying to create new, more stable hybrids that can adapt to Ukrainian realities and yield more than 50 t / ha.

“The Register of Plant Varieties of Ukraine for 2021 includes 196 varieties of potatoes, including 85 of domestic breeding, of which 66 were created at the Institute of Potato Growing,” the specialists of the NAAS note.

For the period 2016-2020, 20 varieties of the institute's selection were entered into the State Register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine. 20 varieties of potatoes of various groups of ripeness and economic direction were transferred to the State variety testing.

“The varieties differ from foreign analogues in high adaptive properties, drought and heat resistance, have a more prolonged period of effective reproduction, high taste,” the article says.

For cultivation in research institutions and in the fields where varieties are tested, the yield of domestic varieties reaches 40-50 t / ha. In particular, the yield of the Knyaginya variety on irrigation under production conditions was 100 t / ha.

The Institute conducts research on obtaining a healthy potato material using a biotechnological method according to a scheme that includes:

- selection of healthy clones for the isolation of meristems;

- diagnostics for the presence of a viral infection;

- allocation of meristems;

- obtaining regenerant plants;

- cuttings, diagnostics for the presence of a viral infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, electron microscopy, PCR;

- verification of the originality of the variety by the ISSR-PCR method;

- diagnostics of viral infection for the study in the field.

A genetic bank of improved varieties has been formed, which includes 260 varieties. Up to 15 varieties are involved in the health improvement system annually.

Read more: Potato growers will receive financial support from the state.

Superagronom