The types of pest resistance to ZZR and methods of determining the problem are sounded.
The systematic use of plant protection products with the same active substance gradually causes resistance (resistance) in harmful organisms, which reduces the effectiveness of treatments. This is a consequence of microevolutionary processes occurring under the influence of external factors.
There are several types of resistance:
- individual, to a specific active substance;
- group, to substances from one chemical group;
- cross, to substances from different chemical groups;
- multiple, when an organism with resistance to active substances of all chemical classes is multiplied in a population.
The latter type of resistance is the most dangerous, and already now it is possessed by such organisms as the Colorado potato beetle, spider mite, potato moth, late blight.
“The phenomenon of resistance of harmful microorganisms to SVR is manifested in the fact that normal sensitive forms of the population of harmful organisms are suppressed under the influence of pesticides, and only resistant biotypes that can detoxify the pesticide survive. A gradual increase in the mass occurrence of unwanted harmful objects in agrocenoses, provided that a "rolled" protection system is used, is a clear signal of the presence of resistance. Under laboratory conditions, you can confirm or deny an unpleasant fact, ”notes Vitaly Lapchinsky, manager of the LNZ Group.
Determine the body's resistance to plant protection products by the following methods:
- toxicological - counting the number of dead individuals when treated with different concentrations of the drug;
- phenotypic - identification of resistant individuals by external signs;
- molecular genetic;
- biochemical.
The first two methods make it possible to establish only an indicator of resistance, while the last two, more modern ones, also make it possible to determine which particular drug tolerance has arisen.
To accurately determine the phenomenon of resistance to fungicides or herbicides, it is necessary to carry out rather complex genetic studies, which are practically not conducted, especially in relation to weeds.